1. The prostate gland part of male reproductive system and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease relating to aging.
2. Common symptoms of BPH include having difficulty starting to urinate, frequent urination, urinating more often at night, dribbling, and acute urinary retention.
3. Common treatments of BPH include medicines, surgery and laser treatment.
4. Avoid holding your urine. If you have a full bladder but cannot urinate, or notice blood in your urine, seek medical attention immediately.

1. Having difficulty starting to urinate: decreased strength of the urine stream or unable to urinate right away.
2. Frequent urination and nocturia: increased frequency of urination, with frequent waking during the night to urinate.
3. Dribbling: dribbling at the end of urination.
4. Acute urinary retention: sudden onset of inability to urinate despite urinary bladder distension.
5. Blood in urine.

Those who have the above symptoms are not necessarily the benign prostatic hyperplasia, please go to the urology outpatient department for consultation.

1. Medications: medication will be prescribed according to the severity of BPH and the severity of urinary symptoms.
2. TransUrethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)
3. Laser therapy.

1. Avoid holding urine. Try to limit fluid intake after dinner in order to avoid frequent urination during night time.
2. Avoid alcohol and medications with anti-histamine (anti-allergy).
3. Personal hygiene: regular showers and keep your perineum area clean.
4. Keep a healthy mind and body. Regular exercise according to your physical ability.
5. Attend regular follow-up visits at the urology clinic and take your medications as prescribed. Seek medical attention immediately if you are suddenly unable to urinate or develop acute urinary retention, bladder distension, or blood in your urine.

1. Dean, N. S., Assmus, M. A., Lee, M. S., Guo, J. N., & Krambeck, A. E. (2023). Benign prostatic hyperplasia surgical re-treatment after prostatic urethral lift: A narrative review. Canadian Urological Association Journal, 17(10), 353–359. https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.8334
2. Haile, E. S., Sotimehin, A. E., & Gill, B. C. (2024). Medical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 91(3), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.91a.23027
3. Hata, J., Harigane, Y., Matsuoka, K., Akaihata, H., Yaginuma, K., Meguro, S., Hoshi, S., Sato, Y., Ogawa, S., Uemura, M., & Kojima, Y. (2023). Mechanism of androgen-independent stromal proliferation in benign prostatic hyperplasia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(14), 11634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411634